ASP.NET is an open-source, server-side web application framework designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It was developed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic websites, applications, and services.

It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the .NET Framework and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language. The ASP.NET SOAP extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.

ASP.NET offers three frameworks for creating web applications: Web Forms, ASP.NET MVC, and ASP.NET Web Pages. All three frameworks are stable and mature, and you can create great web applications with any of them. No matter what framework you choose, you will get all the benefits and features of ASP.NET everywhere.

Each framework targets a different development style. The one you choose depends on a combination of your programming assets (knowledge, skills, and development experience), the type of application you're creating, and the development approach you're comfortable with.

With ASP.NET Web Forms, you can build dynamic websites using a familiar drag-and-drop, event-driven model. A design surface and hundreds of controls and components let you rapidly build sophisticated, powerful UI-driven sites with data access.

ASP.NET MVC gives you a powerful, patterns-based way to build dynamic websites that enables a clean separation of concerns and that gives you full control over markup for enjoyable, agile development. ASP.NET MVC includes many features that enable fast, TDD-friendly development for creating sophisticated applications that use the latest web standards.

ASP.NET Web Pages and the Razor syntax provide a fast, approachable, and lightweight way to combine server code with HTML to create dynamic web content. Connect to databases, add video, link to social networking sites, and include many more features that help you create beautiful sites that conform to the latest web standards.

Notes about Web Forms, MVC, and Web Pages

All three ASP.NET frameworks are based on the .NET Framework and share core functionality of .NET and of ASP.NET. For example, all three frameworks offer a login security model based around membership, and all three share the same facilities for managing requests, handling sessions, and so on that are part of the core ASP.NET functionality.

In addition, the three frameworks are not entirely independent, and choosing one does not preclude using another. Since the frameworks can coexist in the same web application, it's not uncommon to see individual components of applications written using different frameworks. For example, customer-facing portions of an app might be developed in MVC to optimize the markup, while the data access and administrative portions are developed in Web Forms to take advantage of data controls and simple data access.

The top features included of Asp. Net are given below:

High Performance: Performance is always a critical feature for any of the applications or software. Due to its ASP.NET Core and Kestrel web server, it’s remarked as the fastest and quick web application framework which is available in the market. Due to its new Kestrel web server, it is more fast and lightweight. Also, it has the advantage of asynchronous programming models. All other things like python, java, jsp, php use an interpreter. However, compilers are faster as compared to the interpreter. Compilers take all the code and compile at a time. So it is fast because ASP.NET uses compiler-based technology.

Cross-Platform and Container Support: As we say it supports cross-platform means it supports Windows, macOS, and Linux. So if we create ASP.NET application then we can directly deploy it on these platforms.

Asynchronous via Async/Await: Asynchronous programming patterns is now implemented in all .net frameworks classes and 3rd party libraries. You know why asp.net is faster, because of its wide use of asynchronous patterns in kestrel frameworks. However, most of the applications spend their lots of time waiting for database queries, web services call and its input-output operations to complete. 

Rich Development Environments: If we are creating the application then we will use IDE i.e visual studio. It provides a rich development environment by which we can easily drag and drop the components (radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.) and create the application.

Language Independent: The framework is language independent that is developers can use various languages like C#. So it’s easy for a developer to make its application by language which they know. We can create a dynamic web application using any of the languages.

Supports for Web Sockets: Sockets are used to create a client – server-based Applications. By socket normally we can create web-based client-server applications. These provide back and forth communication of the browser.

Action Filters: NET supports a very great feature that is ACTION FILTERS. These filters are used to implement error handling, authorization, caching or to any custom logic which we would like to implement. There is a logic been implemented which will be executed before and after controller action. To implement these logic Action filters are used.

Globalization and Localization: We host the web application and it can be accessed from anywhere globally. So language, date and time format, number format, the currency must be different for different regions or countries. ASP.NET supports globalization so that different countries’ clients or people also can understand and they can access this application. ASP.NET customize our application for different languages with the help of resource files. These files act as a central repository where all the texts are placed.

Security: As it supports the .net framework so it will provide security for our application. Applications have its individual identity, so before running this .net will check its identity of those objects. It will also check the operating system security. Due to its pre-application configuration and feature of built-in windows authentication, our developed application is safe and secure. With built-in Windows authentication and per-application configuration, your applications are safe and secured.

Supports for HTML5 Form Types: It provides support for HTML5 form types. There the new controls are available in HTML5 like email, URL, Number, RNGE, Date pickers (week, date, month, time, DateTime-local, etc.), color and search.

NET Web API: This includes ASP.NET web forms. HTTP services are easily consumed and build with the help of ASP.NET Web API.

The .NET framework provides a consistent, object-oriented programming environment.

Eliminates the performance problems of scripted or interpreted environments.

It minimizes software deployment and versioning conflicts.

A consistent experience for both developers and users across various types of Windows-based and Web-based applications on multiple devices.

Communication built on the industry standards to ensure that code based on the .NET Framework can integrate with any other code.

It doesn’t support many platforms like Java.

It does not provide the same JavaScript on the server and client-side which could be easy for coding.

ASP.NET and Web Forms provide you with a powerful way to create programmable Web pages in C#. Web Forms are server-based, meaning that the code runs on the server, producing HTML output that’s sent to the browser. When users click a button in a Web Forms page, it sends the page to the server for processing—that is, it makes a round-trip. Because of the inherently stateless nature of the Web, you need to understand how the page and its controls maintain their values between round-trips and how you must do the same for values you want to preserve. Web server controls provide Web Forms pages with rich, consistent objects that you can work with using a standard event-driven model.

What's up guys, about this article we know what is Asp. Net its features, and its advantages and disadvantages.

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