Function Pointer in C++ is a variable that stores the address of a feature. We keep in mind that a pointer is a variable that shops the address of some other variable, in addition, the feature pointer shops the cope with of a feature that would later be known as thru the characteristic pointer or maybe we will pass the variable or pointer as a parameter to the characters through a characteristic pointer. Even the feature pointer can pass as an argument and additionally can be lower back from any other feature. The programs of function pointer are callbacks, in the event-driven application, storing capabilities in an array, and many others.

The following is the syntax for the declaration, initialization, and call of a function pointer.

/*Initialize function pointer(which stores the address of myFunc function)*/

//call myFunc(note that no need to call (*foo)(2))

Working and Examples of the Function Pointer in C++

Next, we write the C++ code to understand the function pointer working more clearly with the following example where we use function pointer to call a function indirectly through the pointer, as below –

cout<<"The square of a number is "<<x*x<<endl;

// the above two line is equivalent to void (*fun_ptr)(int) = &fun;

cout<<"The address of square function is ="<<&square<<endl;

cout<<"The function pinter funPtr=&square pointing to ="<<funPtr<<endl;

cout<<"The function pinter funptr=square pointing to ="<<funPtr<<endl;

void disp(void (*funPtr)(char*)) // declare funPtr pointer and initialize funptr

In this blog, we will know Function Pointer in C++

Function Pointer in C++

As we know that we can create a pointer of any data type such as int, char, float, we can also create a pointer pointing to a function. The code of a function always resides in memory, which means that the function has some address. We can get the address of memory by using the function pointer.

Function_returntype ( *Pointer_name) ( argument_list)

First, we have to write the return type of function which can be void, double, etc. Then we have to give a name to our function pointer after that in another bracket we have to list the argument.

In the above syntax func_pointer is a pointer to a function taking an integer argument that will return void.

Let us have a look at the working of Function Pointer in the C programming language

Here is the C code to demonstrate the working of Function Pointer:

functiontopointer = sum ; // This part can also be done using void ( *fun_ptr ) ( int ) = &fun ;

//Here we are calling using the function pointer

int Output1 = functiontopointer (20, 98) ;

// Here we are calling function in normal way

printf ( " Calling through function pointer: %d " , Output1 ) ;

printf ( " \n Calling through function name: %d " , Output2 ) ;

Output 1 : Calling using the function pointer:  118

Output 2: Calling using the function name :  118 

Explanation: In the above code, you can see we have declared a method called Sum to add the two declared variables var1 and var2 and store the output of addition in Sum. In the main class, we have declared a function pointer FTP with an integer argument that returns void. Similarly, for using the function pointer functionality we are taking two inputs from the user. One is for showing the addition using function pointer while the other one is for showing the result using the normal pointer.

printf ( " The addition of both the input is %d \n " , i+j ) ;

printf ( " The substraction of both the input is %d\n " , i-j ) ;

printf ( " The multiplication of both the input is %d\n " , i*j ) ;

void ( *funcpointer_arr[] )( int , int ) = { addition, substraction, multiplication} ;

printf ( " Please enter: 0 for Add , 1 for Substract and 2 "

( *funcpointer_arr [ character ] ) ( i ,  j ) ;

Explanation: In the above code, you can see we are applying the same technique of function pointer as we did in the previous code. We have separately created functions for addition, multiplication, and subtraction. We have declared a function pointer named void ( *funcpointer_arr [] )( int, int ) to store the values separately for all the operations with two integer data types a and b. Therefore, based on the choices 0, 1, and 2 we can perform the preferred operation separately.

Here is another C code to demonstrate the working of Function Pointer:

int comparison ( const void* lhs , const void* rhs )

return ( * ( int * ) rhs - * ( int * ) lhs ) ;

int ( *cmp ) ( const void* , const void* ) ;

int array [] = {15,42,93,54,15,66,37,8,81} ;

qsort ( array, sizeof ( array ) / sizeof ( *array ) , sizeof ( *array ) , cmp ) ;

while ( x < sizeof ( array ) / sizeof ( *array ) )

Explanation: In the above code, you can see we have declared a function pointer named as the comparison in which we have two arguments of type constant named as LHS and RHS, and the function is declared as integer, therefore, it will return this value ( * ( int * ) RHS – *( int * ) LHS ). Then in the main class, we are calling our function parameter and declaring a *camp ( pointer ) to store the address value of the comparison function pointer. We have declared an array of integer data types in which we have defined some random values in a random sequence. Then we are using a quick sort method to sort the array in decreasing order sequence in output. Finally, until the while condition is satisfied it will print the compared value on by one. Once the while condition turns false it will stop and print the final sorted result.

Function pointer in C programming language can make code faster, easy, short, and efficient without occupying any large space in the code as the function pointer contains the start of the executable code. We can also use a function name to get the address of a function pointer.

In this blog, we'll know about the function pointer in C.

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