Virtual characteristic in c++ is a member feature described inside the base magnificence which you may redefine inside the derived class. So if in the programming you want to consult an item of the derived class using the reference of the bottom magnificence or pointer you can use the virtual characteristic for calling that item and then you could execute the characteristic of the derived class. A digital keyword is used to outline a virtual characteristic inside the programming. To reap runtime polymorphism within the software programs digital features are used. The characteristic name could be resolved at runtime simplest.

Here is the syntax for defining a virtual function in C + + programming language:

Virtual is the mandatory keyword to be used before function name then function name that can be anything of user choice.

Some important rules to keep in mind while using and working with virtual functions in the C + + programming language:

A class cannot have a virtual constructor in the code but the same class can have a virtual destructor in the code.

Data type or we call it the prototype of the virtual function defined in the program must be the same in both the base class and derived class.

The most important rule about virtual functions is that they must be defined in the base class only and must be overridden through the derived class.

To achieve run time polymorphism in your code you must access virtual function through either pointer or the base class reference.

The compiler does two things whenever there is a virtual function mentioned in the class of any given program:

If a class contains a virtual function then the compiler itself does two things:

The compiler will insert a virtual pointer (VPTR) as a data member of the class if an object of that class is created to point at the VTABLE of that particular class. Therefore, the compiler will do this every time a new object is created so that the new virtual pointer will be inserted as a data member of the class.

Another thing compiler will do is that even if the object is not created a static array of the function pointer will call VTABLE in which each table cell will contain the address of every virtual function defined in that class.

As we have seen the syntax and working of virtual function now we will see how it works when we implement it in the code:

Here is the C + + code to demonstrate the working example of the virtual function in the C + + programming language.

{ cout << " Loading Automobile functionalities. \n " ; }

{ this -> Automobile :: functionalities();

cout << " Loading wheel functionalities. \n" ;

this -> Automobile :: functionalities () ;

cout << " Loading glass functionalities. \n" ;

void loadfunctionalities ( Automobile *Automobile )

Here is the C ++ code to demonstrate the working example of the virtual function in the C++ programming language.

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