Selenium is the extensively used open-supply choice from a ramification of alternatives to be had for the software test automation manner. Unlike other tools, it offers an automation framework for testing any kind of internet utility. Selenium automation supports all browsers and can be implemented using various programming languages along with java, .Net, the personal home page, Python, Perl, etc. It consists of a replay feature for allowing purposeful take a look at scripts; therefore one doesn’t need to have deep information of programming languages.

Selenium grid is one of the 4 components of the selenium automation framework, used for automation testing on internet packages. It lets in the trying out a manner to be completed throughout multiple browsers and system devices at an identical time. Right here, the grid is made up of hubs and nodes, in which hub is the server to which the service requests are despatched and then gets allotted to the right nodes connected to it, and the node is the man or woman units that acquire the provider requests from the hub.

With the help of this, we can speed up the execution time of different test cases. Selenium is a tool used to test applications. We can automate test cases with it. This saves lots of time for testers as the selenium grid is one part of this testing application.

How to Configure the Grid with Simple Steps?

Go to the command prompt if you are on MAC open terminal.

Type following command in command prompt.

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.44.0.jar -role hub this command will create a hub.

Now we are going to create a node with the following command: java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.44.0.jar -role node –hub http://localhost:4444/grid/register the above command will create a node

It is a flexible approach to distributing different test cases on different platforms.

It helps to reduce batch processing time.

If you are new to the selenium grid, then you should learn the following prerequisites before starting with it. You should know at least one object-oriented programming language. Forex- Java, python, ruby, C#, Perl, etc., many programmers prefer to go with java.

If you know to program already, it is an added advantage to your learning curve. A developer can capture the selenium grid system easily for those who are new to programming.

There is a time whilst we want to lessen the testing time of our utility. Additionally, we need to run a few test cases parallel at the same time. At that time, we want the selenium grid. It's far the solution for running test cases concurrently and saving time. Clients may additionally use any system, any browser to run your software, and your software have to work on each platform without any problem. This is our requirement to fulfill.

Many humans select trying out as their career due to the fact it's far quite exciting, and at the identical time, they get extra area know-how with a kind application trying out. If you are trying to get into it, you may include selenium as a center skill. We can see its high call for within the computerized global.

If you are talking about selenium, then it is used for automation. In the current view, if we look at IT industries, there is exponential growth for automation. Everything is getting automated at this time; testing skills are also getting improved with automation.

It's far continually an advantage to get carried out. It saves a lot of time. In case you start your profession in trying out, it helps you to design check cases. Writing a script is one type of improvement we can say. They need scripts to examine. This career direction will develop your ability to recognize the mission and its necessities deeply. It introduces you to a different environment which helps you to understand structures very intently.

As inside the realize, selenium is the primary choice in masses of corporations for trying out. Trying out with automation saves time and also helps to improve domain understanding. There is a committed selenium tester who works on big tasks. In case you are already a tester, you then simply need to improve yourself with the selenium grid.

Today in this blog, we will discuss Selenium Grid.

Selenium Grid

Selenium is an open-source (free)suite that is used for making the tests automated, which are being carried out on the web browser – used for testing a web application.  As the Selenium tool is open-source, it requires no costs related to its licensing, which gives it an extra edge over other tools used for similar purposes. This testing which is backed by this Selenium tool is called Selenium Testing.

This open-source automated testing suite is quite like the HPE Unified Functional Testing software (UFT), but its knack of focusing on automating web-based applications makes it distinctive. Selenium Testing enables automating tests for web applications across diversified platforms as well as browsers. This type of testing is well-versed with a curated set of software, which can be used to quench various needs of an organization concerning testing. It can boost the business growth of an organization and give it a secured online environment in the long run. Selenium Testing consists of four key components as follows:

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)– It is a Firefox extension mechanism, which is used to effectively automate the browser with its in-built feature of record-and-playback.

Remote Control (RC)– It is a server that helps in ‘tricking’ the browser to believe that the web application and Selenium Core, which are being tested, actually belong to a similar domain by acting as an HTTP proxy.

WebDriver– It was first of all the cross-platform testing frameworks, which was an easy-to-use component helping control the browser from the OS level.

Selenium Grid– This mechanism has a remarkable capability of capturing screenshots of the browser at significant stages. It also can simultaneously be rolling out Selenium commands to various machines.

A curated set of various software gear, every striving with a wonderful method of supporting test automation, is referred to as selenium trying out. This complete suite of equipment showcases the competencies to fulfill the needs of testing of all sorts of web applications. Selenium trying out flawlessly resembles flexibility. It performs a pivotal position in comparing anticipated check results in opposition to the actual conduct of a utility. It lets in numerous options to be able to locate UI elements. In brief, selenium checking out is a vital aid gadget for the execution of exams on more than one browser platform.

Maximum of the QA engineers focus on constrained equipment that meets the desires of the challenge. But, gaining information about all the tools would position forth various alternatives for coming near and fixing varied troubles related to check automation. There are numerous approaches with the aid of which functionality can be introduced to both, selenium take a look at scripts as well as selenium’s framework. This permits high-quit customization of your automation tests. As such, this is one of the finest strengths of selenium testing in comparison to different tools used for automation exams. Additionally, being open-source permits its users to download and alter it easily and sustainably.

What type of testing can be done using Selenium?

As a suite of open-source software automation tools that include – Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, WebDriver, and Grid, it provides a plethora of solutions related to the testing of software applications. Before discussing the different types of testing procedures, this post highlights a few of the key features that have promoted Selenium testing a preferred choice of testers and developers across the globe:

Going further, some of the most popular types of testing are discussed below:

Functional testing: It is designed to test every function that lies within the scope of testing in the application and ensures that it works as per the requirement document.

Regression testing: Regression testing includes two distinctive components – firstly, it ensures that if new functionality is added to an existing application, the new feature doesn’t disturb the normal functionality. Secondly, when known bugs are fixed, this testing checks that the fixing hasn’t disturbed the other functionalities that were working earlier.

UI (black box) testing: Also referred to as black-box testing, where the application is tested only as per the requirement document, and if any issues are bugs come up, they are reported accordingly.

Integration testing: This test specifically checks if all the modules that are prepared by different developers are working seamlessly together or not. The issues generally arise if the codes are not updated or if changes have not been deployed.

Because checking out is one of the maximum vital components that outline the achievement or failure of any task, deciding on the great consistent with the needs is also a major venture. Reading today’s competitive enterprise environment, selenium testing is one of the first-rate alternatives for performing automation testing. Easy-to-use functionality and an everyday upward thrust in demand are making it popular amongst testers, developers, and businesses. Alongside using it for the trying out of the GUI and the capability of the web-based applications, it's miles widely used as a unit trying out the package for javascript.

The truth that it supports more than one browser like safari, Mozilla, ie, chrome, firefox and may execute a couple of assessments at a single time makes it a perfect choice for the testers. At the same time as compared with other automation tools, selenium gives more than one alternatives to feature the capability to check scripts at the side of the framework. Via minimizing the frequency of manual checking out along with locating the insects which can be overlooked by using the manual checking out method, selenium trying out has proved to be a clear winner within the trying out arena.

Selenium Testing

Selenium is an automation test framework, it is mainly used to test web applications, it is open source and free. With this tool, test cases can be run directly in web browsers just like a real human operate the web browsers. It supports a lot of web browsers(Chrome, Firefox, IE, Opera, Safari, etc). Selenium also has a lot of different sub-tools to support different automation test approaches.

Users can use a lot of main programming languages (java, python, PHP, Javascript, c#…etc) to write test case scripts in selenium. Then run the script to verify test cases in most main web browsers. Not only those automation test scripts can be run in Windows, Linux, macOS, they can also run on mobile os like android, ios and windows mobile.

This test tool for functional tests is recognized as the most portable test framework in all open-source test tools, especially for web application automation.

Selenium IDE: Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a Firefox plugin that lets testers to record their actions as they follow the workflow that they need to test.

Selenium RC: Selenium Remote Control (RC) was the flagship testing framework that allowed more than simple browser actions and linear execution. It makes use of the full power of programming languages such as Java, C#, PHP, Python, Ruby and PERL to create more complex tests.

Selenium WebDriver: Selenium WebDriver is the successor to Selenium RC which sends commands directly to the browser and retrieves results.	

Selenium Grid: Selenium Grid is a tool used to run parallel tests across different machines and different browsers simultaneously which results in minimized execution time.

Open source and Portable: Selenium is an Open source and Portable Web Testing Framework.

Type of Testing: Selenium supports Functional & Regression Testing of Web Applications.

Operating System Support: Selenium supports various Operating environments (MS Windows, Linux, Macintosh) to conduct Testing.

Programming Language Support: Selenium supports various Programming Languages (Java, Python, C#.Net, Ruby, JavaScript, and Kotlin) for writing Test Cases.

Browser Support: Selenium supports various Browsers (Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, MS Edge, Opera, and Safari) to execute the Test Cases.

Testing Variants: Selenium supports Batch Testing, Data-Driven Testing, Cross Browser Testing, and Database Testing.

All Selenium projects were released under Apache 2.0 license, The Apache License is a free software license, it allows users to use the software for any purpose, to distribute it, and modify it. But selling modified code is not allowed. No commercial transactions permitted for Selenium Software.

• Selenium first came to life in 2004 when Jason Huggins was testing an internal application at ThoughtWorks.

• In 2006 an engineer at Google named Simon Stewart started work on a project he called WebDriver.

• In 2008, the whole Selenium team decided to merge Selenium Webdriver with Selenium RC in order to

form a more powerful tool called Selenium 2.0

(Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, Selenium Grid)

(Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, Selenium WebDriver, Selenium Grid)

Note: Selenium RC is only for maintenance projects.

(Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, Selenium Grid)

Note: Selenium RC was removed from Selenium 3.0.

Selenium 4.0 (* Stable version not released)

Note: As per Selenium’s official website (selenium.dev), Latest Selenium stable version is – 3.141.59, and Latest Selenium 4 Beta version is – 4.0.0-beta-3.

Selenium works with various Operating systems, browsers, programming languages and Testing Frameworks

GUI (It supports Web application only, doesn’t support Desktop applications)

Selenium supports various programming languages (Java, Python, C#, JavaScript, Ruby, and Kotlin) to write Test scripts.

Selenium supports various operating systems (MS Windows, Linux, and Macintosh)

Selenium supports various Browsers (Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, IE, Opera, and Safari)

Selenium supports Parallel Test Execution.

Selenium WebDriver uses less Hardware resources since it is an API.

Selenium supports Batch Testing, Data Driven Testing, Cross Browser Testing, and Database Testing.

No reliable Technical Support since it is open-source software.

It doesn’t support Desktop applications.

Difficult to use, takes more time to create Test cases.

Difficult to Setup Test Environment when it compares to Vendor Tools like UFT, RFT, SilkTest etc…

No Test Tool integration for Test Management.

In this article, will we discuss about Selenium.

An overview of Selenium 

The purpose of heightened privileges is similar to Proxy Injection, allows websites to do something that are not commonly permitted.  The key difference is that the browsers are launced in a special mode called heightened privileges.  By using these browser mode, Selenium core can open the AUT directly and also read/write its content without passing the whole AUT through the Selenium RC server.

It’s a command by which the current window can be closed. For example, if we have multiple browser windows open then, by using this command we can close the window with which the focus is.

This command closes all the browser windows which are open. For example, if we have multiple browser windows open then, this command can close all the windows at once.

We can set the timeout for a specific amount of time for all the successive web elements. In this specified time, the web driver searches for all the web elements before throwing the NoSuchElementException. 

We can tell the Web Driver to wait for certain conditions before throwing the ElemntNotVisibleException.

It’s a slight extension for the explicit wait. Apart from waiting for certain conditions to be met, we can also set the frequency with which we check the condition before throwing the ElementNotVisibleException.

No, Selenium cannot automate Captcha. Well, the whole concept of Captcha is to ensure that bots and automated programs don’t access sensitive information - which is why, Selenium cannot automate it. The automation test engineer has to manually type the captcha while other fields can be filled automatically.

No, Selenium doesn’t support windows based pop-ups as it’s an automated testing tool built for web application based testing. However, with the support of third-party tools like AutoIT, Robot class, etc., windows-based pop-ups can be handled in selenium.

The "type" command is used to enter keyboard key values into a software web application's text box. It can also be used to choose values from a combo box, whereas the "typeAndWait" command is used when you finish typing and the software web page begins to reload. This command will wait for the page of the software program to reload before proceeding. You must use a basic "type" command if there is no page reload event when typing.

TypeKeys() will trigger JavaScript event in most of the cases whereas .type() won’t. Type key populates the value attribute using JavaScript whereas .typekeys() emulates like actual user typing.

Selenium supports only web based applications

It does not support the Bitmap comparison

For any reporting related capabilities have to depend on third party tools

No vendor support for tool compared to commercial tools like HP UFT

As there is no object repository concept in Selenium, maintainability of objects becomes difficult

Single slash ( / ) start selection from the document node

It allows you to create ‘absolute’ path expressions

Double slash ( // ) start selection matching anywhere in the document

It enables to create ‘relative’ path expressions

Web Testing tools Selenium RC and WebDriver are consolidated in single tool in Selenium 2.0.

You can use the “type” command to type in a file input box of the upload file. Then, you have to use the “Robot” class in JAVA to make file upload work.

Syntax- Actions act = new Actions (driver);

The 5 different exceptions you had in Selenium web drivers are:

Following is the major difference between both the commands:

driver.close() command closes the currently active window on which the user is working or the window being currently accessed by the web driver.

driver.quit() command, unlike the driver.close() command closes all the windows opened by the program and hence should be used with care.

Both the commands don’t take any parameter and don’t return any value either.

Selenium has the support of majorly 4 navigation commands:

navigate().back(): This command is used for taking the user to the last webpage of the browser history.

navigate().forward(): This command is used for taking the user to the next web page of the browser history.

navigate().refresh(): This command is used for reloading the web components of a webpage by refreshing it.

navigate().to(): This command is used for navigating to a particular URL in a new web browser. It takes the URL to be migrated to, as a parameter.

Yes, Selenium provides good support to launch web browsers like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, etc.

The following commands can be used to launch web browsers using Selenium:

WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

Four parameters that you have to pass in Selenium are:

Selenium is an open-source whereas QTP is a commercial tool

Selenium is used specially for testing web based applications while QTP can be used for testing client server application also

Selenium supports Firefox, IE, Opera, Safari  on operating systems like Windows, Mac, Linux etc. however QTP is limited to Internet Explorer on Windows.

Selenium supports many programming languages like Ruby, Perl, Python whereas QTP supports only VB script

In Selenium every object or control in a web page is referred to as an element, there are different ways to find an element in a web page they are:

Selenium commands, also known as "Selenese" are the set of commands used in Selenium that run your tests. For example, command - open (URL); launches the desired URL in the specified browser and accepts both relative and absolute URLs.

Version 1.0 was the initial release of Selenium.

It included three tools: Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, and Selenium Grid.

Selenium WebDriver was introduced replacing Selenium RC in version "2.0".

With the onset of WebDriver, RC got deprecated and moved to the legacy package.

The latest release Selenium 3 has new added features and functionalities.

It includes Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, and Selenium Grid.

Selenium supports various operating systems, browsers, and programming languages. Following is the list:

Programming Languages: C#, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Perl, JavaScript.

Operating Systems: Android, iOS, Windows, Linux, Mac, Solaris.

Browsers: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Edge, Opera, Safari, etc.

Selenium is not just a single tool but a suite of software's, each having a different approach to support automation testing. It comprises four major components which include:

Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

X-Path is used to find the WebElement in web pages. It is also useful in identifying the dynamic elements.

Assertion is used as a  verification point. It verifies that the state of the application conforms to what is expected.  The types of assertion are “assert” , “verify” and “waitFor”.

An exception test is a test that expects an exception to be thrown inside a test class. It expects a @Test annotation followed by the expected exception name in the brackets.

Both “assert” and “verify” commands check whether the given condition is true or false and the only difference between them is that:

Assert: assert condition stops the execution of the testing if the given condition is false else would continue with the further tests.

Verify: verify the condition doesn’t stop the flow of execution irrespective of the condition being true or false.

It supports both the performance and functional testing of an application or system.

It facilitates the execution of repeated test cases.

It allows the parallel execution of the test cases.

It improves the accuracy and efficiency of the system by reducing the manual intervention of humans to generate test cases.

It helps in testing a large scale test matrix.

It saves valuable time and money for the testing team involved in the project.

Automation testing or Test Automation is a process of automating the manual testing process of an application or a system by using testing tools that allow you to create scripts that can be executed repeatedly, generating detailed test reports of the application or system under test.

Selenium IDE is implemented as Firefox extension which provides record and playback functionality on test scripts. It allows testers to export recorded scripts in many languages like HTML, Java, Ruby, RSpec, Python, C#, JUnit and TestNG. Selenium IDE has limited scope, and the generated test scripts are not very robust, and portable.

Different types of testing's that we can achieve through Selenium are.

Some commonly used browsers supported by Selenium are-

Internet Explorer – InternetExplorerDriver

HtmlUnit (Headless browser) – HtmlUnitDriver

Selenium supports various operating systems, browsers and programming languages. Following is the list:

Following are the some advantages of selenium-

Selenium is open source and free to use without any licensing cost.

It supports multiple languages like Java, Ruby, Python, etc.

It has vast resources and helping community over the internet.

Using Selenium IDE component, non-programmers can also write automation scripts.

Using the Selenium Grid component, distributed testing can be carried out on remote machines.

Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment) :  It is a tool for recording and playing back.  It is a firefox plugin

WebDriver and RC:  It provide the APIs for a variety of languages like Java, .NET, PHP, etc. With most of the browsers Webdriver and RC works.

Grid: With the help of Grid you can distribute tests on multiple machines so that test can be run parallel which helps in cutting down the time required for running in browser test suites

Selenium is a robust test automation suite that is used for automating web-based applications. It supports multiple browsers, programming languages, and platforms.

Selenium

I am operating on tosca tool, I created a check-step wherein I gave a few input like name and uploaded a record in a single portal...Later in that same take a look at-case i should supply another test step in which I capable of affirm name and able to download the file in some other portal.

How to verify the data which was created in the same testcase in Tosca?

I generally work on infra aspect and i'm new to utility aspect. I were given a request to construct azure devops pipeline to run scripts in repository, which includes stack: selenium, c#, nunit, aspect browser. I used to be confused on what duties for use to construct this pipeline.

Azure devops pipeline tasks for a project with stack: selenium, c#, Nunit, edge browser

I need to add an iframe interior any div inside the website opened with selenium. I could not locate any supply. How am i able to do it? Can you share a code sample?

Adding iframe to div with selenium

I m seeking to make a bot. But ı cant flow on. I will go a profile but ı just want to love tweets. My bot is coming into promote it links because ı m the use of keyboard shortcuts of twitter. I honestly need to listing all tweets in a profile and like and retweet all tweets. I need assist approximately it :))

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Trending Blogposts on Selenium

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